Seventy Weeks

In 539 BC, Daniel prayed about the completion of the desolations of Jerusalem.

Dan. 9:1-3 In the 1st year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes, who was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans, in the 1st year of his reign I, Daniel, understood by the books the number of the years whereof the word of the Lrd came to Jeremiah the prophet, for the accomplishing of the desolations of Jerusalem, even 70 years. And I set my face unto the Lrd Gd, to seek by prayer and supplications, with fasting and sackcloth and ashes.

The angel Gabriel came to Daniel to give him wisdom and understanding.

Dan. 9:20-23 And while I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the Lrd my Gd for the holy mountain of my Gd; yea, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation. And he instructed me, and talked with me, and said, O Daniel, I am now come forth to give thee wisdom and understanding. At the beginning of thy supplications the commandment went forth, and I am come to tell thee; for thou art greatly beloved: therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision.

Gabriel told Daniel that 70 weeks are decreed upon the Jewish people and Jerusalem to:
1) Finish transgression,
2) Make an end of sins,
3) Make reconciliation for iniquity,
4) Bring in everlasting righteousness,
5) Seal up vision and prophecy,
6) Anoint the Most Holy.

Dan. 9:24 Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy.

Gabriel told Daniel that from the going forth of the command to bring back and build Jerusalem until the Anointed Ruler will be a total of 69 weeks, during which the city Jerusalem will be rebuilt.

Dan. 9:25 Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to bring back and to build Jerusalem unto the Anointed Ruler, shall be 7 weeks and 62 weeks: it shall be built again, with public square and street [*wall; moat], even in troublous times.

*The original Hebrew word might be “street” (khuts), “wall” (khits), or “moat” (kharuts).

Gabriel told Daniel that after the 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks), the Anointed Ruler will:
1) Be cut off, but not for himself;
2) Destroy Jerusalem and the Temple;
3) Confirm a covenant with many for 1.5 weeks;
4) Cause sacrifice and oblation to cease.

Dan. 9:26 And after the 62 weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off, but not for himself. And the city and the sanctuary shall be destroyed with the Ruler who is coming, and its end with a flood. And until the end of the determined war shall be desolations.

Dan. 9:27 And he shall confirm a covenant with many for 1 week and half a week. And he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and upon the wing of the abomination of desolation. And until the determined end pours out on the desolate.

The two verses of Daniel 9:26-27 are parallel passages which present matching information in the same order.

Both verses present the following sections in the same order:
1) Covenant by the death of the Anointed Ruler;
2) Destroying the city and the Temple in 70 AD;
3) Desolations until the determined end.

Both verses use similar amounts of Hebrew words for each section listed above. The first number below is the number of Hebrew words used for each section of Daniel 9:26, and the second number is for Daniel 9:27.
1) 8 words, 7 words;
2) 8 words, 7 words;
3) 5 words, 4 words.

	Dan. 9:26	Dan. 9:27
Covenant by Death of Anointed Ruler	וְאַחֲרֵי הַשָּׁבֻעִים שִׁשִּׁים וּשְׁנַיִם יִכָּרֵת מָשִׁיחַ וְאֵין לוֹ	וְהִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לָרַבִּים שָׁבוּעַ אֶחָד וַחֲצִי הַשָּׁבוּעַ
Destroying City and Temple	וְהָעִיר וְהַקֹּדֶשׁ יִשָּׁחֵת עִם נָגִיד הַבָּא וְקִצּוֹ בַשֶּׁטֶף	וְיַשְׁבִּית זֶבַח וּמִנְחָה וְעַל כְּנַף שִׁקּוּצִים מְשֹׁמֵם
Desolations Until Determined End	וְעַד קֵץ מִלְחָמָה נֶחֱרֶצֶת שֹׁמֵמוֹת	וְעַד-כָּלָה וְנֶחֱרָצָה תִּתַּךְ עַל-שֹׁמֵם

The meanings of each section of the two parallel verses match each other, and the matching sections often repeat the same words in each section.

	Dan. 9:26	Dan. 9:27
Covenant by Death of Anointed Ruler	And after the 62 weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off, but not for himself.	And he shall confirm a covenant with many for 1 week and half a week.
Destroying City and Temple	And the city and the sanctuary shall be destroyed with the Ruler who is coming, and its end with a flood.	And he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and upon the wing of the abomination of desolation.
Desolations Until Determined End	And until the end of the determined war shall be desolations.	And until the determined end pours out on the desolate.

Interpretation

When speaking prophetically, 1 day equals 1 year. Therefore, regarding the 70 weeks which are split up into 7 weeks, 62 weeks, and 1 week:
1) 7 weeks = 49 years,
2) 69 weeks = 483 years,
3) 70 weeks = 490 years.

Therefore, the prophecy of 70 weeks states that starting from the command to bring back and build Jerusalem until the:
1) Coming of the Anointed Ruler will be 483 years;
2) Cutting off of the Anointed Ruler will be at an unspecified time after the 483 years;
3) Finishing of transgression will be at some time within the 490 years;
4) Sealing up of vision and prophecy will be at some time within the 490 years;
5) Destroying of Jerusalem and the Temple with the Anointed Ruler will be at an unspecified time after the 483 years.

FULFILLED: 457 BC – 33 AD

Command of King Artaxerxes of Persia Until Jsus Chrst

The prophecy of 70 weeks was fulfilled:
1) Starting with the command of King Artaxerxes I of Persia in 457 BC to bring back and build Jerusalem;
2) Ending with the coming of the Anointed Ruler from 26-33 AD.

Command of Artaxerxes I in the 7th Year of His Reign

In the 7th year of his reign, King Artaxerxes I of Persia granted Ezra’s request to bring back and build Jerusalem.

Ezra 7:1-10 Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra the son of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah, the son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the son of Ahitub, the son of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the son of Meraioth, the son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki, the son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest—this Ezra went up from Babylon. And he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which the Lrd, the Gd of Israel, had given; and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the Lrd his Gd upon him. And there went up some of the children of Israel, and of the priests, and the Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and the Nethinim, unto Jerusalem, in the 7th year of Artaxerxes the king. And he came to Jerusalem in the 5th month, which was in the 7th year of the king. For upon the 1st day of the 1st month he began to go up from Babylon; and on the 1st day of the 5th month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his Gd upon him. For Ezra had set his heart to seek the Law of the Lrd, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and ordinances.

Ancient calendars calculate the beginning of a king’s reign based upon:
1) A new year in autumn or spring,
2) Starting his reign with year 0 or year 1.

For the reign of King Artaxerxes I, Nehemiah calculated the king year based upon the autumn-new-year calendar and not the spring-new-year calendar because the 20th year of King Artaxerxes stretched from the 9th month (Nov/Dec) through the 1st month (Mar/Apr).

Neh. 1:1-4 The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now it came to pass in the month Kislev [9th month; Nov/Dec], in the 20th year, as I was in Shushan the palace, that Hanani, one of my brethren, came, he and certain men out of Judah; and I asked them concerning the Jews that had escaped, that were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem. And they said unto me, The remnant that are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach: the wall of Jerusalem also is broken down, and the gates thereof are burned with fire. And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days; and I fasted and prayed before the Gd of heaven.

Neh. 2:1-3 And it came to pass in the month Nisan [1st month; Mar/Apr], in the 20th year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. And the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid. And I said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers’ sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire?

According to Ptolemy’s Canon:
1) The last year of Xerxes I ended on 16 December 465 BC;
2) The first year of Artaxerxes I started 17 December 465 BC.

Therefore, using the date for Artaxerxes I in Ptolemy’s Canon and starting his reign in the autumn according to Nehemiah, the 7th year of Artaxerxes was Sep 458 – Aug 457 BC:
0) Accession year: c. Dec 465 – Aug 464 BC
1) 1st year: Sep 464 – Aug 463 BC
2) 2nd year: Sep 463 – Aug 462 BC
3) 3rd year: Sep 462 – Aug 461 BC
4) 4th year: Sep 461 – Aug 460 BC
5) 5th year: Sep 460 – Aug 459 BC
6) 6th year: Sep 459 – Aug 458 BC
7) 7th year: Sep 458 – Aug 457 BC

In the 7th year of Artaxerxes I [Sep 458 – Aug 457 BC], Ezra started to go up from Babylon to Jerusalem on the 1st day of the 1st month, which was in March 457 BC.

Ezra 7:8-9 And he [Ezra] came to Jerusalem in the 5th month, which was in the 7th year of the king [Artaxerxes I]. For upon the 1st day of the 1st month he began to go up from Babylon; and on the 1st day of the 5th month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his Gd upon him.

Bring Back and Build Jerusalem

Gabriel told Daniel that the starting point for the 70 weeks prophecy was the command to to “bring back” (hashiv) and build Jerusalem.

Since Artaxerxes I started his 7th year in September 458 BC and Ezra departed according to Artaxerxes’ command in March 457, then, at a date within Sep 458 – Mar 457 BC, Artaxerxes I commanded Ezra to:
1) Bring back judges to Jerusalem,
2) Build Jerusalem as a city.

Ezra 7:11-26 Now this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave to Ezra the priest, the scribe, even the scribe of the words of the commandments of the Lrd, and of his statutes to Israel: Artaxerxes, king of kings, to Ezra the priest, the scribe of the law of the Gd of heaven, Greetings. And now I make a decree, that all those of the people of Israel, and their priests and the Levites, in my realm, who are minded of their own free will to go to Jerusalem, go with you. For you are sent of the king and his seven counselors to watch over Judah and Jerusalem according to the Law of your Gd which is in your hand, and to carry the silver and gold, which the king and his counselors have freely offered to the Gd of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem, and all the silver and gold that thou shalt find in all the province of Babylon, with the freewill-offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their Gd which is in Jerusalem; therefore thou shalt with all diligence buy with this money bullocks, rams, lambs, with their meal-offerings and their drink-offerings, and shalt offer them upon the altar of the house of your Gd which is in Jerusalem. And whatsoever shall seem good to thee and to thy brethren to do with the rest of the silver and the gold, that do ye after the will of your Gd. And the vessels that are given thee for the service of the house of thy Gd, deliver thou before the Gd of Jerusalem. And whatsoever more shall be needful for the house of thy Gd, which thou shalt have occasion to bestow, bestow it out of the king’s treasure-house. And I, even I Artaxerxes the king, do make a decree to all the treasurers that are beyond the River, that whatsoever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the Law of the Gd of heaven, shall require of you, it be done with all diligence, unto 100 talents of silver, and to 100 measures of wheat, and to 100 baths of wine, and to 100 baths of oil, and salt without prescribing how much. Whatsoever is commanded by the Gd of heaven, let it be done exactly for the house of the Gd of heaven; for why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons? Also we certify you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, the singers, porters, Nethinim, or servants of this house of Gd, it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, custom, or toll, upon them. You, Ezra, after the wisdom of your Gd which is in your hand, appoint magistrates and judges, who may judge all the people who are beyond the River, all such as know the laws of your Gd; and teach him who doesn’t know them. Whoever will not do the Law of your Gd, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed on him with all diligence, whether it be to death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment.

Isaiah prophesied that Gd would “bring back” (hashiv) the judges to Jerusalem.

Is. 1:26 I will bring back your judges as at the first, and your counselors as at the beginning. Afterward you shall be called The city of righteousness, a faithful town.

Ezra said Gd extended lovingkindness to the Jews from the kings of Persia to rebuild Jerusalem.

Ezra 9:9 For we are bondservants; yet our Gd has not forsaken us in our bondage, but has extended loving kindness to us in the sight of the kings of Persia, to give us a reviving, to set up the house of our Gd, and to repair its ruins, and to give us a wall in Judah and in Jerusalem.

Sealing Up Vision and Prophecy

The prophecy of the 70 weeks is split up into 7 weeks, 62 weeks, and 1 week:
1) 7 weeks = 49 years,
2) 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks) = 483 years,
3) 70 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks + 1 week) = 490 years.

The prophecy does not define what would happen after the 49 years (7 weeks), but of the six fulfillments of the prophecy, the only one that is not clearly fulfilled by the 483 years (69 weeks) and 490 years (70 weeks) is the fulfillment of the sealing up of vision and prophecy.

And indeed, 49 years (7 weeks) after the command of Artaxerxes I, the prophecy of the 7 weeks was fulfilled by the ending of the visions and prophecies of the Old Testament Prophets, which were sealed up with the final Old Testament Prophet of Malachi by 409 BC, which brought the Old Testament canon to a close.

457 BC + 49 years (7 weeks) = 409 BC: Malachi, the final Old Testament Prophet.
1) Sealing up vision and prophecy

Amos 8:11-13 Behold, the days come, saith the Lrd Gd, that I will send a famine in the land, not a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water, but of hearing the words of the Lrd. And they shall wander from sea to sea, and from the north even to the east; they shall run to and fro to seek the word of Lrd, and shall not find it. In that day shall the fair virgins and the young men faint for thirst.

“And a great tribulation happened in Israel, which had not happened since the day when a prophet was not seen among them.”
——First Book of Maccabees, Chapter 9, Verse 27, Written c. 100 BC.

Anointing the Most Holy

Gabriel told Daniel that from the going forth of the command to bring back and build Jerusalem until the Anointed Ruler will be a total of 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks).

The prophecy of the 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks) was fulfilled by the anointing of the Most Holy, which occurred at the baptism of Jsus in 26 AD.

457 BC + 483 years (69 weeks) = 26 AD: Baptism of Jsus.
2) Anointing the Most Holy

Luke 3:21-23a Now it came to pass, when all the people were baptized, that, Jsus also having been baptized, and praying, the heaven was opened, and the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily form, as a dove, upon him, and a voice came out of heaven, Thou art my beloved Son: in thee I am well pleased. And Jsus himself, when he began, was about 30 years of age.

Luke 4:1 And Jsus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan, and was led by the Spirit in the wilderness.

Luke 4:13-21 And when the devil had completed every temptation, he departed from him for a season. And Jsus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee: and a fame went out concerning him through all the region round about. And he taught in their synagogues, being glorified of all. And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and he entered, as his custom was, into the synagogue on the Sabbath Day, and stood up to read. And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Isaiah. And he opened the book, and found the place where it was written, The Spirit of the Lrd is upon me, Because he anointed me to preach good tidings to the poor: He hath sent me to proclaim release to the captives, And recovering of sight to the blind, To set at liberty them that are bruised, To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lrd. And he closed the book, and gave it back to the attendant, and sat down: and the eyes of all in the synagogue were fastened on him. And he began to say unto them, Today hath this scripture been fulfilled in your ears.

Jsus was baptized shortly after John the Baptist began preaching in the 15th year of the reign of Roman Emperor Tiberius in 26 AD.

Luke 3:1-2 Now in the 15th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene, in the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of Gd came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.

Tiberius began to reign as Co-Emperor with Augustus sometime soon after 23 October 12 AD.

“After 2 years he [Tiberius] returned to the city [Rome] from Germany and celebrated the triumph which he had postponed, accompanied also by his generals, for whom he had obtained the triumphal regalia. And before turning to enter the Capitol, he dismounted from his chariot and fell at the knees of his father, who was presiding over the ceremonies. He sent Bato, the leader of the Pannonians, to Ravenna, after presenting him with rich gifts; thus showing his gratitude to him for allowing him to escape when he was trapped with his army in a dangerous place. Then he gave a banquet to the people at 1,000 tables, and a largess of 300 sesterces to every man. With the proceeds of his spoils he restored and dedicated the temple of Concord, as well as that of Pollux and Castor, in his own name and that of his brother. Since the consuls caused a law to be passed soon after this that he should govern the provinces jointly with Augustus and hold the census with him, he set out for Illyricum on the conclusion of the lustral ceremonies.”
——Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Life of Tiberius, Paragraphs 20-21, Written 121 AD.

Tiberius celebrated his triumph ceremony in Rome on 23 October 12 AD.
——Robin Seager, Tiberius, Page xvi, Written 1972.

Therefore, if the new year was in autumn, the 15th year of Tiberius was Sep 26 – Aug 27 AD:
1) 1st year: Soon after 23 Oct 12 until Aug 13 AD
2) 2nd year: Sep 13 – Aug 14 AD
3) 3rd year: Sep 14 – Aug 15 AD
4) 4th year: Sep 15 – Aug 16 AD
5) 5th year: Sep 16 – Aug 17 AD
6) 6th year: Sep 17 – Aug 18 AD
7) 7th year: Sep 18 – Aug 19 AD
8) 8th year: Sep 19 – Aug 20 AD
9) 9th year: Sep 20 – Aug 21 AD
10) 10th year: Sep 21 – Aug 22 AD
11) 11th year: Sep 22 – Aug 23 AD
12) 12th year: Sep 23 – Aug 24 AD
13) 13th year: Sep 24 – Aug 25 AD
14) 14th year: Sep 25 – Aug 26 AD
15) 15th year: Sep 26 – Aug 27 AD

If the new year was in spring, the 15th year of Tiberius was Mar 26 – Feb 27 AD:
1) 1st year: Soon after 23 Oct 12 – Feb 13 AD
2) 2nd year: Mar 13 – Feb 14 AD
3) 3rd year: Mar 14 – Feb 15 AD…
…13) 13th year: Mar 24 – Feb 25 AD
14) 14th year: Mar 25 – Feb 26 AD
15) 15th year: Mar 26 – Feb 27 AD

If the new year was in Roman January, the 15th year of Tiberius was Jan 26 – Dec 27 AD:
1) 1st year: Soon after 23 Oct 12 – Dec 12 AD
2) 2nd year: Jan 13 – Dec 14 AD
3) 3rd year: Jan 14 – Dec 15 AD…
…13) 13th year: Jan 24 – Dec 25 AD
14) 14th year: Jan 25 – Dec 26 AD
15) 15th year: Jan 26 – Dec 27 AD

Command Given to Nehemiah

In the 20th year of his reign, Artaxerxes commanded Nehemiah to return to Jerusalem to build it.

Neh. 2:1-8 And it came to pass in the month Nisan [Mar/Apr 444 BC], in the 20th year of Artaxerxes the king [Sep 445 – Aug 444 BC], when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. And the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid. And I said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers’ sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire? Then the king said unto me, For what dost thou make request? So I prayed to the Gd of heaven. And I said unto the king, If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favor in thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah, unto the city of my fathers’ sepulchres, that I may build it. And the king said unto me (the queen also sitting by him), For how long shall thy journey be? and when wilt thou return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. Moreover I said unto the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through till I come unto Judah; and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king’s forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertaineth to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my Gd upon me.

The 20th year of Artaxerxes was Sep 445 – Aug 444 BC:
0) Accession year: c. Dec 465 – Aug 464 BC
1) 1st year: Sep 464 – Aug 463 BC
2) 2nd year: Sep 463 – Aug 462 BC…
…20) 20th year: Sep 445 – Aug 444 BC

The 70 weeks prophecy does not match correctly with the command given to Nehemiah because the 483rd year does not match with the baptism of the Anointed Ruler Jsus.

444 BC + 49 years (7 weeks) = 396 BC

444 BC + 483 years (69 weeks) = 39 AD

444 BC + 490 years (70 weeks) = 46 AD

Decree Given by Cyrus

In the 1st year of his reign, Cyrus commanded the Jews to return to Jerusalem to build the Temple.

Ezra 1:1-4 Now in the 1st year of Cyrus king of Persia [Oct 539 – Aug 538 BC], that the word of the Lrd by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the Lrd stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying, Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, All the kingdoms of the earth hath the Lrd, the Gd of heaven, given me; and he hath charged me to build him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Whosoever there is among you of all his people, his Gd be with him, and let him go up to Jerusalem, which is in Judah, and build the house of the Lrd, the Gd of Israel (he is Gd), which is in Jerusalem. And whosoever is left, in any place where he sojourneth, let the men of his place help him with silver, and with gold, and with goods, and with beasts, besides the freewill-offering for the house of Gd which is in Jerusalem.

The 70 weeks prophecy does not match correctly with the decree given by Cyrus because the:
1) 483rd year does not match with the baptism of the Anointed Ruler Jsus;
2) Decree of Cyrus was to build the Temple, not Jerusalem.

539 BC + 49 years (7 weeks) = 491 BC

539 BC + 483 years (69 weeks) = 57 BC

539 BC + 490 years (70 weeks) = 50 BC

Anointed One Cut Off

Gabriel told Daniel that there will be 7 weeks plus 62 weeks (69 weeks total) until the coming of the Anointed One.

Gabriel told Daniel that the Anointed One will be cut off after the 62 weeks, which comes after the 7 weeks.

Gabriel did not tell Daniel the exact year when the Anointed One will be cut off.

Therefore, Gabriel told Daniel that the Anointed One will be cut off at an unspecified time after the 69 weeks (483 years).

Dan. 9:25-26a Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to bring back and to build Jerusalem unto the Anointed Ruler, shall be 7 weeks and 62 weeks: it shall be built again, with public square and street [*wall; moat], even in troublous times. And after the 62 weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off, but not for himself.

The prophecy of the cutting off of the Anointed One was fulfilled by the crucifixion of Jsus in 30 AD, which fulfilled the last four of the six fulfillments of the overall prophecy of 70 weeks.

Dan. 9:24 Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy.

457 BC + 487 years (after 69 weeks) = 30 AD: Death and resurrection of Jsus.
3) Finishing transgression
4) Making an end of sins
5) Making reconciliation for iniquity
6) Bringing in everlasting righteousness

Jsus Chrst was crucified in 30 AD to save his people from their sins and to reconcile them to Gd by granting them righteousness through his blood.

1Cor. 15:3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which also I received: that Chrst died for our sins according to the scriptures;

John 1:29 On the morrow he seeth Jsus coming unto him, and saith, Behold, the Lamb of God, that taketh away the sin of the world!

1Pet. 1:18-19 knowing that ye were redeemed, not with corruptible things, with silver or gold, from your vain manner of life handed down from your fathers; but with precious blood, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot, even the blood of Chrst.

Rom. 8:3 For what the Law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, Gd, sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for a sin-offering, condemned sin in the flesh:

Matt. 1:21 And she shall bring forth a son; and thou shalt call his name Jsus; for it is he that shall save his people from their sins.

Rom. 5:10-11 For if, while we were enemies, we were reconciled to Gd through the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, shall we be saved by his life; and not only so, but we also rejoice in Gd through our Lrd Jsus Chrst, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.

Col. 1:19-20 For it was the good pleasure of the Father that in him [Jsus] should all the fulness dwell; and through him to reconcile all things unto himself, having made peace through the blood of his cross; through him, I say, whether things upon the earth, or things in the heavens.

2Cor. 5:21 Him who knew no sin he made to be sin on our behalf; that we might become the righteousness of Gd in him.

Phil. 3:9 and be found in him, not having a righteousness of mine own, even that which is of the Law, but that which is through faith in Chrst, the righteousness which is from Gd by faith.

The descendants of the Pharisees said that from 30-70 AD, the:
1) Lot for Gd did not emerge in the high priest’s right hand at all, like it used to before;
2) Band of scarlet wool that used to miraculously turn white during the Day of Atonement no longer turned white;
3) Westernmost lamp of the menorah did not burn continually, like it used to before.

“The Sages taught: In the time of Shimon the Righteous, the lot for Gd consistently emerged in the High Priest’s right hand; after his demise, it occurred only sporadically; but during the 40 years preceding the destruction of the Second Temple, the lot for Gd did not emerge in the High Priest’s right hand at all. Likewise, the band of scarlet wool that was tied to the head of the goat that was sent to Azazel did not turn white, and the westernmost lamp of the menorah did not burn continuously.”
——Talmud, Yoma, Chapter 39b, Written c. 500 AD.

Confirming a Covenant With Many

Gabriel told Daniel that the Anointed Ruler will confirm a covenant with many for 1.5 weeks (10 years).

The prophecy of confirming a covenant with many for 1.5 weeks (10 years) was fulfilled from 30-40 AD by Jsus making the New Covenant exclusively with the Jews after his death and resurrection.

Jsus made the New Covenant with many Jews both:
1) In-person after his resurrection from 30-33 AD;
2) Through his disciples from 30-40 AD.

10 years (1.5 weeks) = 30-40 AD: Jsus making the New Covenant with many Jews

Matt. 26:27-28 And he [Jsus] took a cup, and gave thanks, and gave to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many unto remission of sins.

Luke 22:19-20 And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and gave to them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me. And the cup in like manner after supper, saying, This cup is the New Covenant in my blood, even that which is poured out for you.

Rom. 11:27 And this is my covenant unto them, When I shall take away their sins.

Jsus confirmed the New Covenant from 30-40 AD exclusively with Jews.

Dan. 9:24 Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy.

Matt. 10:5-6 These twelve Jsus sent forth, and charged them, saying, Go not into any way of the Gentiles, and enter not into any city of the Samaritans: but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.

Acts 11:19 They therefore that were scattered abroad upon the tribulation that arose about Stephen travelled as far as Phoenicia, and Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the word to none except only to Jews.

Acts 13:45-46 But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted the things which were spoken by Paul, and blasphemed. And Paul and Barnabas spake out boldly, and said, It was necessary that the word of Gd should first be spoken to you. Seeing ye thrust it from you, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles.

Rom. 1:16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel: for it is the power of Gd unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.

From 30-33 AD, Jsus confirmed the New Covenant in-person on earth exclusively with the Jews.

The central theme of the 70 weeks prophecy is the coming of the Anointed Ruler to the earth for the Jews. The 70 weeks prophecy was completed with the end of Jsus’ in-person ministry to the Jews on the earth in 33 AD.

Acts 1:2-3 until the day in which he was received up, after that he had given commandment through the Holy Spirit unto the apostles whom he had chosen: to whom he also showed himself alive after his passion by many proofs, appearing unto them by the space of 40 days, and speaking the things concerning the kingdom of Gd.

Acts 13:30-31 But Gd raised him from the dead: and he was seen for many days of them that came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, who are now his witnesses unto the people.

Jsus appeared in-person last of all to Paul c. 33 AD, which completed the 70th week (490th year) of the 70 weeks prophecy.

1Cor. 15:3-8 For I delivered unto you first of all that which also I received: that Chrst died for our sins according to the Scriptures; and that he was buried; and that he hath been raised on the 3rd day according to the Scriptures; and that he appeared to Cephas; then to the twelve; then he appeared to above 500 brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain until now, but some are fallen asleep; then he appeared to James; then to all the apostles; and last of all, as to the child untimely born, he appeared to me also.

Acts 9:3-6 And as he [Paul] journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? And he said, Who art thou, Lrd? And he said, I am Jsus whom thou persecutest: but rise, and enter into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do.

Acts 22:6-8 And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and drew nigh unto Damascus, about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me. And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.

Acts 26:12-18 Whereupon as I journeyed to Damascus with the authority and commission of the chief priests, at midday, O king, I saw on the way a light from heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shining round about me and them that journeyed with me. And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice saying unto me in the Hebrew language, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the goad. And I said, Who art thou, Lrd? And the Lrd said, I am Jsus whom thou persecutest. But arise, and stand upon thy feet: for to this end have I appeared unto thee, to appoint thee a minister and a witness both of the things wherein thou hast seen me, and of the things wherein I will appear unto thee; delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom I send thee, to open their eyes, that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan unto Gd, that they may receive remission of sins and an inheritance among them that are sanctified by faith in me.

From 30-40 AD, Jsus confirmed the New Covenant through his disciples exclusively with the Jews.

Paul (Saul) preached to the Jews immediately after his conversion.

Acts 9:17-22 And Ananias departed, and entered into the house; and laying his hands on him said, Brother Saul, the Lrd, even Jsus, who appeared unto thee in the way which thou camest, hath sent me, that thou mayest receive thy sight, and be filled with the Holy Spirit. And immediately there fell from his eyes as it were scales, and he received his sight; and he arose and was baptized; and he took food and was strengthened. And he was certain days with the disciples that were at Damascus. And immediately in the synagogues he proclaimed Jsus, that he is the Son of Gd. And all that heard him were amazed, and said, Is not this he that in Jerusalem made havoc of them that called on this name? and he had come hither for this intent, that he might bring them bound before the chief priests. But Saul increased the more in strength, and he confounded the Jews that dwelt at Damascus, proving that this is the Chrst.

Acts 9:23-25 And when many days were fulfilled, the Jews took counsel together to kill him: but their plot became known to Saul. And they watched the gates also day and night that they might kill him: but his disciples took him by night, and let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket

Acts 9:26-30 And when he was come to Jerusalem, he assayed to join himself to the disciples: and they were all afraid of him, not believing that he was a disciple. But Barnabas took him, and brought him to the apostles, and declared unto them how he had seen the Lrd in the way, and that he had spoken to him, and how at Damascus he had preached boldly in the name of Jsus. And he was with them going in and going out at Jerusalem, preaching boldly in the name of the Lrd: and he spake and disputed against the Grecian Jews; but they were seeking to kill him. And when the brethren knew it, they brought him down to Caesarea, and sent him forth to Tarsus.

Acts 9:31 So the church throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria had peace, being edified; and, walking in the fear of the Lrd and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit, was multiplied.

Acts 9:32-35 And it came to pass, as Peter went throughout all parts, he came down also to the saints that dwelt at Lydda. And there he found a certain man named Aeneas, who had kept his bed 8 years; for he was palsied. And Peter said unto him, Aeneas, Jsus Chrst healeth thee: arise and make thy bed. And straightway he arose. And all that dwelt at Lydda and in Sharon saw him, and they turned to the Lrd.

Acts 9:36-41 Now there was at Joppa a certain disciple named Tabitha, which by interpretation is called Dorcas: this woman was full of good works and almsdeeds which she did. And it came to pass in those days, that she fell sick, and died: and when they had washed her, they laid her in an upper chamber. And as Lydda was near to Joppa, the disciples, hearing that Peter was there, sent two men unto him, entreating him, Delay not to come on unto us. And Peter arose and went with them. And when he was come, they brought him into the upper chamber: and all the widows stood by him weeping, and showing the coats and garments which Dorcas made, while she was with them. But Peter put them all forth, and kneeled down and prayed; and turning to the body, he said, Tabitha, arise. And she opened her eyes; and when she saw Peter, she sat up. And he gave her his hand, and raised her up; and calling the saints and widows, he presented her alive. And it became known throughout all Joppa: and many believed on the Lrd. And it came to pass, that he abode many days in Joppa with one Simon a tanner.

In 40 AD, after Jsus confirmed the New Covenant exclusively with many Jews, Gd gave a vision to Peter to visit with and preach to the Gentiles.

Before 40 AD, Peter did not even visit with Gentiles.

Acts 10:9-18 Now on the morrow, as they were on their journey, and drew nigh unto the city, Peter went up upon the housetop to pray, about the 6th hour: and he became hungry, and desired to eat: but while they made ready, he fell into a trance; and he beholdeth the heaven opened, and a certain vessel descending, as it were a great sheet, let down by four corners upon the earth: wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts and creeping things of the earth and birds of the heaven. And there came a voice to him, Rise, Peter; kill and eat. But Peter said, Not so, Lrd; for I have never eaten anything that is common and unclean. And a voice came unto him again the second time, What Gd hath cleansed, make not thou common. And this was done thrice: and straightway the vessel was received up into heaven. Now while Peter was much perplexed in himself what the vision which he had seen might mean, behold, the men that were sent by Cornelius, having made inquiry for Simon’s house, stood before the gate, and called and asked whether Simon, who was surnamed Peter, were lodging there.

Acts 10:28 and he [Peter] said unto them, Ye yourselves know how it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to join himself or come unto one of another nation; and yet Gd has showed to me that I should not call any man common or unclean.

Acts 10:34-35 And Peter opened his mouth and said, Of a truth I perceive that Gd is no respecter of persons: but in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is acceptable to him.

Acts 10:44-45 While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Spirit fell on all them that heard the word. And they of the circumcision that believed were amazed, as many as came with Peter, because that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Spirit.

Acts 11:1-3 Now the apostles and the brethren that were in Judaea heard that the Gentiles also had received the word of Gd. And when Peter was come up to Jerusalem, they that were of the circumcision contended with him, saying, Thou wentest in to men uncircumcised, and didst eat with them.

Acts 11:17-18 If then Gd gave unto them the like gift as he did also unto us, when we believed on the Lrd Jsus Chrst, who was I, that I could withstand Gd? And when they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified Gd, saying, Then to the Gentiles also hath Gd granted repentance unto life.

Jews preached the gospel to Gentiles in Antioch c. 40 AD.

Acts 11:19-21 They therefore that were scattered abroad upon the tribulation that arose about Stephen travelled as far as Phoenicia, and Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the word to none except only to Jews. But there were some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, who, when they were come to Antioch, spake unto the Greeks also, preaching the Lrd Jsus. And the hand of the Lrd was with them: and a great number that believed turned unto the Lrd.

Passover on Friday

Jsus died on Passover on a Friday, which is the day before the Sabbath on Saturday.

Mark 15:42-43 And when even was now come, because it was the Preparation, that is, the day before the Sabbath, there came Joseph of Arimathaea, a councillor of honorable estate, who also himself was looking for the kingdom of Gd; and he boldly went in unto Pilate, and asked for the body of Jsus.

Luke 23:52-54 this man went to Pilate, and asked for the body of Jsus. And he took it down, and wrapped it in a linen cloth, and laid him in a tomb that was hewn in stone, where never man had yet lain. And it was the day of the Preparation, and the Sabbath drew on.

John 19:31 The Jews therefore, because it was the Preparation, that the bodies should not remain on the cross upon the Sabbath (for the day of that Sabbath was a high day), asked of Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

The only years that had a Passover on Friday in the surrounding decades after the 69 weeks are:
1) 26 AD,
2) 30 AD,
3) 33 AD,
4) 40 AD,
5) 54 AD.

Since the Anointed One had to be cut off after the 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks), which was in 26 AD, the only years that are within the last week of the 70 weeks are 30 AD and 33 AD.

Of those two years, the only year that fits for when the Anointed Ruler was cut off is 30 AD, because:
1) Jsus could only confirm the New Covenant with many Jews after being cut off because the New Covenant was the covenant in his blood, which could only be effective for making a covenant until after he had died and shed his blood;
2) Jsus could only confirm the New Covenant exclusively with the Jews for 1.5 weeks (10 years) after his death if he shed his blood in 30 AD because the disciples began preaching to the Gentiles in 40 AD, whereas if Jsus was cut off in 33 AD, there would only be 1 week (7 years) where he could make the covenant exclusively with the Jews.

Spring or Autumn

If the years of the prophecy of 70 weeks (490 years) are calculated as starting in the spring, the years of fulfillment are:
1) 1st year, year of decree: Mar 457 – Feb 456 BC
2) 2nd year: Mar 456 – Feb 455 BC
3) 3rd year: Mar 455 – Feb 454 BC…
…481) 481st year: Mar 24 – Feb 25 AD
482) 482nd year: Mar 25 – Feb 26 AD
483) 483rd year, year of baptism: Mar 26 – Feb 27 AD
484) 484th year: Mar 27 – Feb 28 AD
485) 485th year: Mar 28 – Feb 29 AD
486) 486th year: Mar 29 – Feb 30 AD
487) 487th year, year of death: Mar 30 – Feb 31 AD
488) 488th year: Mar 31 – Feb 32 AD
489) 489th year: Mar 32 – Feb 33 AD
490) 490th year, appearance to Paul: Mar 33 AD – Apr 33 AD

If the years of the prophecy of 70 weeks (490 years) are calculated as starting in the autumn, the years of fulfillment are:
1) 1st year, year of decree: Sep 458 – Aug 457 BC
2) 2nd year: Sep 457 – Aug 456 BC
3) 3rd year: Sep 456 – Aug 455 BC…
…481) 481st year: Sep 23 – Aug 24 AD
482) 482nd year: Sep 24 – Aug 25 AD
483) 483rd year, year of baptism: Sep 25 – Aug 26 AD
484) 484th year: Sep 26 – Aug 27 AD
485) 485th year: Sep 27 – Aug 28 AD
486) 486th year: Sep 28 – Aug 29 AD
487) 487th year, year of death: Sep 29 – Aug 30 AD
488) 488th year: Sep 30 – Aug 31 AD
489) 489th year: Sep 31 – Aug 32 AD
490) 490th year, appearance to Paul: Sep 32 AD – Apr 33 AD

Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple

In the parallel passages of Dan 9:26 and Dan 9:27, after the Anointed One is cut off and confirms a covenant with many for 1.5 weeks (10 years), the Anointed Ruler:
1) Destroys Jerusalem (the city) and the Temple (the sanctuary);
2) Causes the sacrifice and offering to cease;
3) Brings pagan armies to make Jerusalem and the Temple desolate (the abomination of desolation).

Dan. 9:26 And after the 62 weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off, but not for himself. And the city and the sanctuary shall be destroyed with the Ruler who is coming, and its end with a flood. And until the end of the determined war shall be desolations.

Dan. 9:27 And he shall confirm a covenant with many for 1 week and half a week. And he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and upon the wing of the abomination of desolation. And until the determined end pours out on the desolate.

The meanings of each section of the two parallel verses match each other, and the matching sections often repeat the same words in each section.

In the first section, the parallel passages mention the:
1) Cutting off of the Anointed One which was the basis for confirming a covenant;
2) Number of weeks.

In the second section, the parallel passages mention the destruction of the city and sanctuary which resulted in the sacrifice and oblation ceasing.

In the third section, the parallel passages mention the phrases or words:
1) “And until”;
2) “The end of the determined war” and “the determined end”;
3) “Desolations” and “desolate.”

	Dan. 9:26	Dan. 9:27
Covenant by Death of Anointed Ruler	And after the 62 weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off, but not for himself.	And he shall confirm a covenant with many for 1 week and half a week.
Destroying City and Temple	And the city and the sanctuary shall be destroyed with the Ruler who is coming, and its end with a flood.	And he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and upon the wing of the abomination of desolation.
Desolations Until Determined End	And until the end of the determined war shall be desolations.	And until the determined end pours out on the desolate.

This prophecy was fulfilled in 70 AD when the Son of Man (the Anointed Ruler) came on the clouds of heaven (came with an army to destroy) and:
1) Used the pagan Roman armies (upon the wing of the abomination of desolation);
2) Destroyed Jerusalem (the city) and the Temple (the sanctuary);
3) Caused the daily sacrifice to cease.

Jsus says the pagan Roman armies are the abomination that will make Jerusalem desolate.

In Matthew and Mark, Jsus uses the symbolic language of “abomination of desolation.”

In Luke, Jsus uses the literal language of “armies” and “enemies” that will make Jerusalem desolate.

Matt. 24:15 Therefore, when ye see the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place (let him that readeth understand),

Mark 13:14a But when ye see the abomination of desolation standing where he ought not (let him that readeth understand),

Luke 21:20 But when ye see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that her desolation is at hand.

Daniel says that the Anointed Ruler will cause sacrifice and oblation to cease on the “wing” of the abomination of desolation.

Dan. 9:27 And he shall confirm a covenant with many for 1 week and half a week. And he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and upon the wing of the abomination of desolation. And until the determined end pours out on the desolate.

The “wing” of the abomination of desolation represents the kingdom of the Roman Empire, which was enforced by the Roman legion, each of which carried the Roman aquila military standard of an eagle with outstretched wings.

Wings = Kingdom

“Indeed the eagle became the veritable heart and soul of the legions, a symbol so representative of Roman power and majesty that it became known throughout the ancient world (Wittkower 310). Specifically, due to its place at the head of each legion, it became the emblem of the Roman legions, which enforced Roman rule in the provinces, giving the eagle its connotation of dominion.”
——Justin S. Hayes, Jupiter’s Legacy: The Symbol of the Eagle and Thunderbolt in Antiquity and Their Appropriation by Revolutionary America and Nazi Germany, Page 12, Written 2014.

“The primary military use of the eagle was as a standard, and while there is mention of its use as a blazon (Wittkower 310), the evidence is paltry, whereas the standards are the famed manifestation of the glory and might of the Roman legion.”
——Justin S. Hayes, Jupiter’s Legacy: The Symbol of the Eagle and Thunderbolt in Antiquity and Their Appropriation by Revolutionary America and Nazi Germany, Page 12, Written 2014.

Using the Roman Armies (the abomination of desolation), Jsus destroyed Jerusalem (the city) and the Temple (the sanctuary) in 70 AD.

“And I cannot but wish that we had all died before we had seen that holy city demolished by the hands of our enemies, or the foundations of our holy Temple dug up after so profane a manner.”
——Josephus, The Jewish War, Book 7, Chapter 8, Section 7, Written c. 75 AD.

Jsus brought siege to Jerusalem and caused the daily sacrifice to cease by using the Roman legions to encircle Jerusalem while carrying their aquila military standards of the eagle (the wing of the abomination of desolation).

“[Josephus] had been informed that on that very day, which was the 17th day of Panemus [Tamuz], the sacrifice called ‘the Daily Sacrifice’ had failed, and had not been offered to Gd for want of men to offer it, and that the people were grievously troubled at it.”
——Josephus, The Jewish War, Book 6, Chapter 2, Section 1, Written c. 75 AD.

The correct reading of the text cannot be, “In the middle of the week he shall cause sacrifice and offering to cease” because the crucifixion of Jsus cannot be “in the middle of the week” because Jsus:
1) Could only confirm the New Covenant with many after he was crucified;
2) Did not cause sacrifice and offering to cease with his crucifixion.

Jsus could only confirm the New Covenant after he was crucified because the shedding of his blood at the crucifixion is the basis for the New Covenant.

It was not possible for anyone to join or confirm the New Covenant until after Jsus had shed his blood for the remission of sins.

The death of Jsus was the act atonement for the sins of the world, and so before his death, no one could enter into the New Covenant of his blood.

Rom. 11:27 And this is my covenant unto them, When I shall take away their sins.

Rom. 3:24-25 being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Chrst Jsus: whom Gd set forth to be an atonement, through faith, in his blood, to show his righteousness because of the passing over of the sins done aforetime, in the forbearance of Gd;

Rom. 5:8-10 But Gd commendeth his own love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Chrst died for us. Much more then, being now justified by his blood, shall we be saved from the wrath through him. For if, while we were enemies, we were reconciled to Gd through the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, shall we be saved by his life;

2Cor. 3:5-6 not that we are sufficient of ourselves, to account anything as from ourselves; but our sufficiency is from Gd; who also made us sufficient as ministers of a new covenant; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life.

Eph. 1:5-7 having foreordained us unto adoption as sons through Jsus Chrst unto himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of the glory of his grace, which he freely bestowed on us in the Beloved: in whom we have our redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,

1Pet. 2:24 who his own self bare our sins in his body upon the tree, that we, having died unto sins, might live unto righteousness; by whose stripes ye were healed.

Rev. 1:5 and from Jsus Chrst, who is the faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead, and the ruler of the kings of the earth. Unto him that loveth us, and loosed us from our sins by his blood;

Additionally, the correct reading of the text cannot be, “In the middle of the week he shall cause sacrifice and offering to cease” because Jsus did not cause sacrifice and offering to cease at his crucifixion.

Jsus expected his disciples to continue to offer sacrifices.

Matt. 5:23-24 Therefore if you are offering thy gift at the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath aught against thee, leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way, first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift.

Jsus commanded the leper that he cleansed to have the priest sacrifice multiple live animals for his cleansing.

Mark 1:42-44 And immediately the leprosy departed from him, and he was made clean. And he strictly charged him, and immediately sent him out, and saith unto him, See thou say nothing to any man: but go show thyself to the priest, and offer for thy cleansing the things which Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.

Lev. 14:1-9 And the Lrd spake unto Moses, saying, This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing: he shall be brought unto the priest: and the priest shall go forth out of the camp; and the priest shall look; and, behold, if the plague of leprosy be healed in the leper, then the priest shall command to take for him that is to be cleansed two living clean birds, and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop: and the priest shall command to kill one of the birds in an earthen vessel over running water. As for the living bird, he shall take it, and the cedar wood, and the scarlet, and the hyssop, and he shall dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird that was killed over the running water: and he shall sprinkle upon him that is to be cleansed from the leprosy seven times, and shall pronounce him clean, and shall let go the living bird into the open field. And he that is to be cleansed shall wash his clothes, and shave off all his hair, and bathe himself in water; and he shall be clean: and after that he shall come into the camp, but shall dwell outside his tent 7 days. And it shall be on the 7th day, that he shall shave all his hair off his head and his beard and his eyebrows, even all his hair he shall shave off: and he shall wash his clothes, and he shall bathe his flesh in water, and he shall be clean.

Lev. 14:10-20 And on the 8th day he shall take two he-lambs without blemish, and one ewe-lamb a year old without blemish, and three tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour for a meal-offering, mingled with oil, and one log of oil. And the priest that cleanseth him shall set the man that is to be cleansed, and those things, before the Lrd, at the door of the tent of meeting. And the priest shall take one of the he-lambs, and offer him for a trespass-offering, and the log of oil, and wave them for a wave-offering before the Lrd: and he shall kill the he-lamb in the place where they kill the sin-offering and the burnt-offering, in the place of the sanctuary: for as the sin-offering is the priest’s, so is the trespass-offering: it is most holy. And the priest shall take of the blood of the trespass-offering, and the priest shall put it upon the tip of the right ear of him that is to be cleansed, and upon the thumb of his right hand, and upon the great toe of his right foot. And the priest shall take of the log of oil, and pour it into the palm of his own left hand; and the priest shall dip his right finger in the oil that is in his left hand, and shall sprinkle of the oil with his finger seven times before the Lrd. And of the rest of the oil that is in his hand shall the priest put upon the tip of the right ear of him that is to be cleansed, and upon the thumb of his right hand, and upon the great toe of his right foot, upon the blood of the trespass-offering: and the rest of the oil that is in the priest’s hand he shall put upon the head of him that is to be cleansed: and the priest shall make atonement for him before the Lrd. And the priest shall offer the sin-offering, and make atonement for him that is to be cleansed because of his uncleanness: and afterward he shall kill the burnt-offering; and the priest shall offer the burnt-offering and the meal-offering upon the altar: and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be clean.

Around 58 AD, Paul consecrated himself under a ritualistic Nazirite vow in the Law, and he paid money to have the priest sacrifice multiple live animals for him at the fulfillment of his vow.

Acts 21:17-26 And when we were come to Jerusalem, the brethren received us gladly. And the day following, Paul went in with us unto James; and all the elders were present. And when he had saluted them, he rehearsed one by one the things which Gd had wrought among the Gentiles through his ministry. And they, when they heard it, glorified Gd; and they said unto him, You see, brother, how many tens of thousands there are among the Jews of them that have believed, and they are all zealous for the Law: and they have been informed concerning thee, that you teach all the Jews who are among the Gentiles apostasy from Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children neither to walk after the customs. What is it therefore? they will certainly hear that thou art come. Do therefore this that we say to thee: We have four men that have a vow on them; these take, and consecrate yourself with them, and pay for them, that they may shave their heads: and all shall know that there is no truth in the things whereof they have been informed concerning thee; but that thou thyself also walkest orderly, keeping the Law. And concerning the Gentiles that have believed, we wrote, giving judgment that they should keep themselves from things sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from what is strangled, and from fornication. Then Paul took the men, and the next day he consecrated himself with them and went into the Temple, declaring the fulfillment of the days of consecration, until the offering was offered for every one of them.

Acts 24:17-19 Now after some years I came to bring alms to my nation, and offerings: amidst which they found me consecrated in the Temple, with no crowd, nor yet with tumult: but there were certain Jews from Asia — who ought to have been here before thee, and to make accusation, if they had aught against me.

At the fulfillment of the days of the Nazirite vow that Paul consecrated himself under, Paul paid for the following animal sacrifices to be offered:
1) One male lamb for a burnt-offering;
2) One female lamb for a sin-offering;
3) One ram for peace-offerings.

Num. 6:1-8 And the Lrd spake unto Moses, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When either man or woman shall make a special vow, the vow of a Nazirite, to consecrate himself unto the Lrd, he shall consecrate himself from wine and strong drink; he shall drink no vinegar of wine, or vinegar of strong drink, neither shall he drink any juice of grapes, nor eat fresh grapes or dried. All the days of his consecration shall he eat nothing that is made of the grape-vine, from the kernels even to the husk. All the days of his vow of consecration there shall no razor come upon his head: until the days be fulfilled, in which he consecrates himself unto the Lrd, he shall be holy; he shall let the locks of the hair of his head grow long. All the days that he consecrates himself unto the Lrd he shall not come near to a dead body. He shall not make himself unclean for his father, or for his mother, for his brother, or for his sister, when they die; because his consecration unto Gd is upon his head. All the days of his consecration he is holy unto the Lrd.

Num. 6:13-21 And this is the law of the Nazirite, when the days of his consecration are fulfilled: he shall be brought unto the door of the tent of meeting: and he shall offer his oblation unto the Lrd, one he-lamb a year old without blemish for a burnt-offering, and one ewe-lamb a year old without blemish for a sin-offering, and one ram without blemish for peace-offerings, and a basket of unleavened bread, cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings. And the priest shall present them before the Lrd, and shall offer his sin-offering, and his burnt-offering: and he shall offer the ram for a sacrifice of peace-offerings unto the Lrd, with the basket of unleavened bread: the priest shall offer also the meal-offering thereof, and the drink-offering thereof. And the Nazirite shall shave the head of his consecration at the door of the tent of meeting, and he shall take the hair of the head of his consecration, and put it on the fire which is under the sacrifice of peace-offerings. And the priest shall take the boiled shoulder of the ram, and one unleavened cake out of the basket, and one unleavened wafer, and shall put them upon the hands of the Nazirite, after he hath shaven the head of his consecration; and the priest shall wave them for a wave-offering before the Lrd; this is holy for the priest, together with the wave-breast and heave-thigh: and after that the Nazirite may drink wine. This is the law of the Nazirite who voweth, and of his oblation unto the Lrd for his consecration, besides that which he is able to get: according to his vow which he voweth, so he must do after the law of his consecration.

Gabriel told Daniel that 70 weeks are decreed upon the Jewish people and Jerusalem.

The 70th week of the 70-weeks prophecy must come immediately after the 69th week.

There cannot be an “uncounted” gap of time between the 70th week and the 69th week because:
1) 69 weeks + more time + the 70th week = more than 70 weeks;
2) The Bible does not provide any examples where “uncounted” gaps of time are inserted into a listed duration of time.

If “uncounted” gaps of time can be inserted into a duration of time listed by a prophecy in the Bible, then:
1) Jonah may have been in the belly of the great fish for more than 3 consecutive days;
2) Israel may have been in Egypt longer than 430 consecutive years;
3) Israel may have wandered in the wilderness longer than 40 consecutive years;
4) Babylon may have dominated all the nations for more than 70 consecutive years;
5) There may have been an “uncounted” gap of time between the 7 weeks and the 62 weeks until the coming of the Anointed Ruler;
6) The little horn may make war against the saints for longer than 1260 consecutive years.

Summary of Individual Fulfillments

26 AD: Anointing of Jsus at his baptism (anoint the Most Holy)

30 AD: Crucifixion of Jsus (Anointed One is cut off)

33 AD: Completion of Jsus’ in-person ministry on earth exclusively to the Jews

40 AD: First time disciples begin preaching to the Gentiles; completion of the 1.5 weeks (10 years) of confirming the New Covenant exclusively with the Jews

70 AD: Destruction of Jerusalem and Temple and causing the daily sacrifice to cease

Summary of Time Periods

26-33 AD: In-person ministry of Jsus on earth exclusively to the Jews (70th week; last 7 years of 490 years)

30-40 AD: Jsus making a covenant with many Jews (confirm a covenant with many for 1.5 weeks/10 years)

40-70 AD: Thirty-year period before destruction of Jerusalem and Temple